March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time to highlight one of the most common—and preventable—types of cancer. Despite advances in screening and treatment, colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. However, early detection through routine screenings can make all the difference in preventing and treating this disease.

Understanding Your Risk

Colorectal cancer affects both men and women, and your risk increases with age, particularly after age 45. However, recent trends show a rise in cases among younger adults, making it more important than ever to be aware of symptoms and screening guidelines. Other risk factors include:

• A family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
• A diet high in red or processed meats and low in fiber
• Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
• Obesity and lack of physical activity
• Chronic conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

The Importance of Screening

Regular screening is crucial because colorectal cancer often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Screenings can detect precancerous polyps (abnormal growths in the colon or rectum) before they turn into cancer.

Those of average risk should begin screenings at 45 years of age. However, if there’s a family history or other risk factors, you and your doctor should determine the need to start earlier in life.

Recognizing Symptoms

While screenings are the most effective way to detect colorectal cancer early, being aware of potential warning signs is also important. If you notice the following symptoms, do not wait to speak with your doctor.

• Changes in bowel habits, such as persistent diarrhea or constipation
• Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding
• Unexplained weight loss
• Ongoing abdominal pain, cramping, or bloating
• A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely

Take Control of Your Health

Colorectal cancer is largely preventable through regular screening and lifestyle modifications. Adopting a diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables; engaging in regular physical activity; maintaining a healthy weight; and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol can all help lower your risk. Take the initiative to discuss colorectal cancer screening with your health care provider – it could save your life.

Saket Prasad, M.D., is a gastroenterologist with UPMC Cole and sees patients at 1001 East 2^nd St., Coudersport. To schedule an appointment with Dr. Prasad, call 814-274-9024. For more information, visit UPMC.com/DigestiveNCPA.